Famous Indian Mathematicians and their Contributions


Mathematics is the science of structure, order and relation that has evolved from elemental practises of counting, measuring and the shapes of objects. Gauss said "Mathematics is the queen of science and arithmetic is the queen of all mathematics. " Here we discuss about some famous Indian mathematicians and their contributions.

1.  ARYABHATA

  • Born 476 AD
  • Died 550 AD
  • Residence Kusumapura,Patna
  • Nationality Indian
  • Fields Mathematics , Astronomy
  • Books Aryabhatiya , Aryasiddhanta


CONTRIBUTIONS

  1. Aryabhata made a notation system in which digits are denoted with alphabets.
  2. He was familiar with the place value system.
  3. He knew numeral symbols and the sign for zero.
  4. He has given methods of extracting square root,cube root.
  5. He was the first one to explore integer solution to the equations of the form by= ax+c and by=ax c where a,b,c are integers.
  6. He give formula for the area of a triangle ,square rectangle, rhombus circles etc
  7. He discover the Pi value.

2. BHASKARACHARYA

  • Born 1114 AD
  • Died 1185 AD
  • Residence Vijayapura , Ujjain
  • Nationality Indian
  • Fields Mathematics , Astronomy
  • Books Siddhantasiromani.
  • He was known as Bhaskara ll.
  • Also known as Bhaskara the learned.



CONTRIBUTIONS

1. He was the first to declare that any number divided by zero
is infinity and that the sum of any number and infinity is
infinity.
2. Bhaskara introduce cyclic method to solve algebraic
expressions.
3. Bhaskara can also be called the founder of differential
calculus.
4. He gave the basic idea to Rolle’s theorem.
5. He gave a method for deriving sines for angles of every
degree.
6. He gave some contributions on series , permutations , linear
and quadratic equations.
7. Bhaskaracharya also handled efficiently arithmetic
involving negative numbers.
8. He was aware of arithmetical and geometrical progressions.
9. He had explained the concepts of permutations
combinations.
10. He gave two methods of multiplications.
11. He found formula for finding the area and volume of
sphere.
12. He also gave trigonometric formulas
        Sin(A+B)=sin AcosB+cosAsinB
        Sin(A B)= snAcosB cosAsinB


3. BRAHMAGUPTA

  • Born 598 AD
  • Died 668 AD
  • Residence Bhinmal,Rajasthan
  • Nationality Indian
  • Field mathematics astronomy
  • Books Brahmasphutasiddhanta
  • He was known Ganita chakra chudamani’ which in translation as ‘the gem of the circle of mathematics. 

CONTRIBUTIONS

  1. He was the first to use zero as a number.
  2. He gave rules to compute with zero.
  3. He gave methods of multiplications.
  4. He introduce the formula for cyclic quadrilaterals.
  5. He also introduced the concept of negative numbers.

4. SRINIVASA RAMANUJAN
  • Born 1887 AD
  • Died 1920 AD
  • Residence erode ,kumbakonam
  • Nationality Indian
  • Fields mathematics, astronomy
                                           

CONTRIBUTIONS
  1. He made extraordinary contributions to mathematical analysis number theory infinite series and continued fractions.
  2. He worked on divergent series.
  3. He discovered mock theta functions.
  4. He rediscovered Euler’s identity independently.
  5. He independently compiled nearly 3900 results (mostly identities and equations).
  6. Ramanujan showed that any big number can be written as sum of not more than four prime numbers.
  7. He showed that how to divide the number into two or more square or cubes.
  8. Ramanujan’s number 1729.
  9. He said that 1729 is the smallest number which can be written in the form of sum of cubes of two numbers in two ways.

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